What are critical capabilities in military operations?

Critical capabilities in military operations refer to essential functions or strengths that enable a military force’s Center of Gravity—the source of its power and strength—to operate effectively and achieve its objectives. These capabilities are foundational attributes that support the overall mission and enhance the effectiveness of military strategies.

For instance, critical capabilities can include intelligence gathering, maneuverability, communication systems, and leadership effectiveness. They are crucial because, without these enablers, the Center of Gravity may be compromised or rendered ineffective. This highlights the interconnectedness of various military elements that, when functioning in concert, bolster the military's ability to perform in combat situations.

The other concepts, while relevant to military strategy, do not fully encapsulate the idea of critical capabilities. For example, individual skills of soldiers are important, but they are more about personal attributes rather than systemic enablers. Logistical support networks are fundamental for sustaining operations, yet they serve more as a supportive structure rather than a defining capability. Lastly, while technological advantages can provide an operational edge, they are also a subset of capabilities rather than the broader critical capabilities that ensure a Center of Gravity functions effectively.