What defines an intergovernmental organization?

An intergovernmental organization (IGO) is characterized by its establishment through formal agreements between two or more sovereign governments. This process entails a negotiated agreement that outlines the organization's purposes, structure, and operations, allowing member states to collaborate on shared interests and goals. IGOs often address issues that transcend national boundaries, such as economic cooperation, security, environmental concerns, and humanitarian assistance, making their collaboration essential in international relations.

In contrast, a body formed by a single government would not meet the criteria for an IGO since it lacks the multi-governmental aspect necessary for such organizations. Military personnel constitute a specific group and are not indicative of the broader collaborative framework that defines an intergovernmental organization. Similarly, a non-profit charity organization operates independently from government agreements and focuses primarily on social or humanitarian efforts rather than intergovernmental cooperation. Thus, the defining characteristic of an intergovernmental organization is its foundation through formal agreements between multiple governmental entities.